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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of The Buddha
The Buddha

c. 563 BCE – c. 483 BCE

IndianBuddhist

Born Lumbini

A prince who left his palace, sat under a tree, and woke up. Then he spent forty-five years teaching others how to do the same.

Portrait of Nagarjuna
Nagarjuna

c. 150 CE – c. 250 CE

IndianBuddhist

Everything is empty. Not empty of existence, but empty of independent, permanent essence. He turned Buddhist logic into a razor.

Connection

The Buddha foundational teacher Nagarjuna — Nagarjuna took the Buddha's teaching on dependent origination and built it into a systematic philosophy of emptiness.

Shared Ideas

Emptiness (Shunyata)Karma

Ideas

The Four Noble TruthsEmptiness (Shunyata)Meditation & YogaNon-Violence (Ahimsa)Karma
Emptiness (Shunyata)ReasonKarma

Words

“All that we are is the result of what we have thought.”

— The Buddha

“Three things cannot be long hidden: the sun, the moon, and the truth.”

— The Buddha

“Whatever is dependently arisen, that is explained to be emptiness.”

— Nagarjuna

“Without a foundation in conventional truth, the significance of the ultimate cannot be taught.”

— Nagarjuna

Key Moments

c. 563 BCE

Born as Siddhartha Gautama

c. 528 BCE

Enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree

c. 528 BCE

First Sermon at Sarnath

c. 483 BCE

Parinirvana

c. 150 CE

Born in South India

c. 175 CE

Founds Madhyamaka Philosophy

c. 175 CE

Writes the Mulamadhyamakakarika

c. 250 CE

Death in South India

Works

The Dhammapada

Fundamental Verses on the Middle Way

Atlas of Thinkers

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE