Atlas of Thinkers
ThinkersAtlasTimelineWorksBlog

Explore

Compare

Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Enrique Dussel
Enrique Dussel

1934 CE – 2023 CE

ContemporaryLatin AmericanPostcolonial

Born Mendoza

He argued that modernity's self-image as pure reason and progress depends on hiding the violence it inflicted on everyone outside Europe — and called for a philosophy that starts from the perspective of the excluded instead.

Portrait of Karl Marx
Karl Marx

1818 CE – 1883 CE

MaterialistModernGerman

He argued that philosophy had been describing the world when it should be changing it — and then described it more precisely than almost anyone.

Connection

Karl Marx critique of capitalism extended to the periphery Enrique Dussel — Dussel's close readings of Marx's late notebooks, especially the Grundrisse, fed directly into his philosophy of liberation, which extends Marx's critique of exploitation to argue that the wealth of Europe's center depended on the violent extraction of Latin America's periphery.

Ideas

JusticeInner Freedom
EqualityThe Social Contract

Words

“Modernity is not a strictly European phenomenon, but a European-Amerindian phenomenon.”

— Enrique Dussel

“The Other is not just another self; it is the one whose suffering the system does not see.”

— Enrique Dussel

“Philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it.”

— Karl Marx

“The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.”

— Karl Marx

Key Moments

1973

Survives a bomb attack during Argentina's dictatorship

1992

Publishes The Invention of the Americas

1849

Permanent exile in London

1867

Capital, Volume I published

Works

The Invention of the Americas

Capital, Volume I

Atlas of Thinkers

A story-first philosophy atlas. Explore history's greatest thinkers through place, time, movement, and ideas.

Explore

  • Thinkers
  • Atlas
  • Works

Browse

  • Concepts
  • Volumes

About

  • About the Atlas
  • Image Credits

Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE