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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes

1588 CE – 1679 CE

Early ModernMaterialist

Without government, life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. He built political philosophy on fear.

Portrait of John Locke
John Locke

1632 CE – 1704 CE

Early ModernEmpiricist

The mind begins as a blank slate. All knowledge comes from experience. He wrote the philosophy that launched modern democracy.

Connection

Thomas Hobbes rival on social contract John Locke — Locke's political philosophy was partly a response to Hobbes: both grounded government in consent, but Locke insisted on natural rights.

Shared Ideas

The Social Contract

Shared Places

London

Ideas

The Social ContractReason
EmpiricismThe Social Contract

Words

“The life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”

— Thomas Hobbes

“Words are the counters of wise men, and the money of fools.”

— Thomas Hobbes

“No man's knowledge here can go beyond his experience.”

— John Locke

Key Moments

1588 CE

Born in Westport, Wiltshire

1640 CE

Flees to Paris

1651 CE

Publishes Leviathan

1679 CE

Death at Ninety-One

1632 CE

Born in Wrington, Somerset

1689 CE

Publishes Essay Concerning Human Understanding

1689 CE

Returns to England After the Glorious Revolution

1690 CE

Two Treatises of Government

Works

Leviathan

An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

Atlas of Thinkers

A story-first philosophy atlas. Explore history's greatest thinkers through place, time, movement, and ideas.

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE