Atlas of Thinkers
ThinkersAtlasTimelineLibraryBlog
WorksFragmentsQuotesReadSchoolsVirtuesPlacesIdeasConceptsInfluenceAbout

Explore

Compare

Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Mencius
Mencius

c. 372 BCE – c. 289 BCE

ChineseConfucian

Born Zou

Human nature is good. Like water flows downhill, the heart flows toward compassion. Nurture it, and virtue grows.

Portrait of Confucius
Confucius

551 BCE – 479 BCE

ChineseConfucian

Born Qufu

He wandered from state to state, rejected by every ruler, and built the most influential moral philosophy in human history.

Connection

Confucius teacher of tradition Mencius — Mencius saw himself as Confucius' true heir. He defended and extended Confucian ethics against critics.

Shared Ideas

Ren (Benevolence)Li (Ritual Propriety)Virtue

Shared Places

Qufu

Ideas

Ren (Benevolence)VirtueJusticeLi (Ritual Propriety)Universal Love
Ren (Benevolence)Li (Ritual Propriety)Virtue

Words

“If you let people follow their feelings, they will be able to do good. That is what I mean by saying human nature is good.”

— Mencius

“To study without thinking is vain. To think without studying is dangerous.”

— Confucius

“What you do not wish done to yourself, do not do to others.”

— Confucius

Key Moments

c. 372 BCE

Born in Zou

c. 340 BCE

Advising the Warring States

c. 320 BCE

The Child at the Well

c. 315 BCE

The Mandate of Heaven

551 BCE

Born in Qufu

497 BCE

Fourteen Years Wandering

484 BCE

Return to Lu

479 BCE

Death in Qufu

Works

Mencius

The Analects

Atlas of Thinkers

A story-first philosophy atlas. Explore history's greatest thinkers through place, time, movement, and ideas.

Letters from the Atlas

One thinker, one idea, one passage, once a month.

Explore

  • Thinkers
  • Atlas
  • Works

Browse

  • Concepts
  • Fragments
  • Volumes

About

  • About the Atlas
  • Image Credits

Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE