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Naming and Necessity

Saul Kripke·1980 (1970 lectures)·English

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Argues that proper names are rigid designators rather than disguised descriptions, and that some truths are both necessary and knowable only empirically, reshaping the philosophy of language and modal metaphysics.

Let's call something a rigid designator if in every possible world it designates the same object... we can... use the term 'rigid designator' for a term that designates the same thing in all possible worlds.

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