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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Henri Bergson
Henri Bergson

1859 CE – 1941 CE

VitalistModernFrench

Born Paris

He argued that the time we live is nothing like the time we measure, and that philosophy had confused the two for two thousand years.

Portrait of William James
William James

1842 CE – 1910 CE

PragmatistModernAmerican

Born New York

He began as a medical student, became a psychologist, and ended as a philosopher, because the questions kept escaping the disciplines.

Connection

Henri Bergson mutual recognition across the Atlantic William James — James read Bergson with delight and said his work removed obstacles he had struggled with for years; the admiration ran both ways, and the two corresponded warmly.

Ideas

On the Shortness of LifeInner FreedomChange
ReasonHappiness

Words

“To exist is to change, to change is to mature, to mature is to go on creating oneself endlessly.”

— Henri Bergson

“The present moment that passes does not wait on the moment to come. It goes by itself, and that suffices.”

— Henri Bergson

“Believe that life is worth living and your belief will help create the fact.”

— William James

“The greatest use of a life is to spend it on something that will outlast it.”

— William James

Key Moments

1927

Nobel Prize in Literature

Winter 1940: 41

Refuses exemption from anti-Jewish laws

1876

Teaches psychology and philosophy at Harvard

1901-02

Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh

Works

Creative Evolution

The Varieties of Religious Experience

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE