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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Chrysippus
Chrysippus

c. 279 BCE – c. 206 BCE

StoicHellenisticLogician

Born Soli

An ancient saying held that if it were not for Chrysippus, there would be no Stoa, he took a promising school of thought and turned it into an unbreakable logical system.

Portrait of Epictetus
Epictetus

c. 50 CE – c. 135 CE

RomanStoic

Born Hierapolis

Born a slave. Became free. Taught that freedom is not a circumstance but a discipline of the mind.

Connection

Chrysippus Stoic logic carried into Roman ethics Epictetus — The technical Stoic system Chrysippus built centuries earlier in Athens supplied the logical scaffolding beneath Epictetus's more practical, ethically focused teaching in Rome, Epictetus quoted and argued with Chrysippus's texts directly.

Shared Ideas

Stoic Ethics

Ideas

Stoic EthicsLogos
Stoic EthicsInner FreedomReasonOn Anger

Words

“If it were not for Chrysippus, there would be no Stoa.”

— Chrysippus

“Fate is a sempiternal cause of things, why past things happened, present things now happen, and future things will happen.”

— Chrysippus

“It’s not what happens to you, but how you react to it that matters.”

— Epictetus

“First say to yourself what you would be; and then do what you have to do.”

— Epictetus

Key Moments

c. 240s BCE

Illustrates disjunctive syllogism with a dog

c. 230 BCE

Becomes third head of the Stoa

c. 50 CE

Born Enslaved in Hierapolis

c. 65 CE

Studies with Musonius Rufus

c. 93 CE

School at Nicopolis

c. 108 CE

The Discourses Recorded

Works

Logical Investigations

Discourses

The Handbook

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE