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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Hypatia
Hypatia

c. 355 CE – 415 CE

Neoplatonist

Born Alexandria

Mathematician, astronomer, and the last great teacher of Alexandria, killed for standing at the center of its conflicts.

Portrait of Voltaire
Voltaire

1694 CE – 1778 CE

EnlightenmentFrench

Born Paris

The most dangerous writer of the eighteenth century. He used wit as a weapon and spent his life fighting ignorance, superstition, and cruelty in their most powerful forms.

Connection

Hypatia remembered as a martyr to fanaticism Voltaire — Voltaire returned to Hypatia's murder repeatedly as his clearest illustration of what religious zeal does to learning, and it was largely through the Enlightenment's retelling that her name reached modern memory.

Shared Ideas

Reason

Ideas

ReasonThe Intellect
ToleranceReasonProgress

Words

“Reserve your right to think, for even to think wrongly is better than not to think at all.”

— Hypatia

“Judge a man by his questions rather than by his answers.”

— Voltaire

“To hold a pen is to be at war.”

— Voltaire

Key Moments

c. 355 CE

Born in Alexandria

c. 390 CE

Astrolabe and Hydrometer

c. 400 CE

Head of the Alexandrian School

415 CE

Murdered in Alexandria

1694 CE

Born in Paris

1734 CE

Letters on England

1759 CE

Candide

1778 CE

Death in Paris

Works

Mathematical Commentaries

Candide

Treatise on Tolerance

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE