Atlas of Thinkers
ThinkersAtlasTimelineLibraryBlog
WorksFragmentsQuotesReadSchoolsVirtuesPlacesIdeasConceptsInfluenceAbout

Explore

Compare

Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Pierre Bayle
Pierre Bayle

1647 CE – 1706 CE

SkepticEarly Modern

The exiled skeptic whose vast Dictionary turned doubt into a method and handed the Enlightenment its arguments for tolerance.

Portrait of Voltaire
Voltaire

1694 CE – 1778 CE

EnlightenmentFrench

Born Paris

The most dangerous writer of the eighteenth century. He used wit as a weapon and spent his life fighting ignorance, superstition, and cruelty in their most powerful forms.

Connection

Pierre Bayle armed the philosophes Voltaire — Voltaire and the Encyclopedists mined Bayle's skeptical Dictionary for a generation; he called it the arsenal of the Enlightenment.

Shared Ideas

Tolerance

Ideas

SkepticismTolerance
ToleranceReasonProgress

Words

“An opinion is none the truer for passing from age to age; errors are not improved by being old.”

— Pierre Bayle

“Judge a man by his questions rather than by his answers.”

— Voltaire

“To hold a pen is to be at war.”

— Voltaire

Key Moments

1647 CE

Born in France

c. 1681 CE

Exile in Rotterdam

1686 CE

Commentary on the Words

1697 CE

The Critical Dictionary

1694 CE

Born in Paris

1734 CE

Letters on England

1759 CE

Candide

1778 CE

Death in Paris

Works

Historical and Critical Dictionary

Candide

Treatise on Tolerance

Atlas of Thinkers

A story-first philosophy atlas. Explore history's greatest thinkers through place, time, movement, and ideas.

Letters from the Atlas

One thinker, one idea, one passage, once a month.

Explore

  • Thinkers
  • Atlas
  • Works

Browse

  • Concepts
  • Fragments
  • Volumes

About

  • About the Atlas
  • Image Credits

Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE