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Life
God and Nature are the same thing. He was excommunicated for saying it, ground lenses to earn a living, and published his masterwork after he died.
He treated concepts as tools to be built and used rather than truths to be discovered, and spent a career arguing that difference, not sameness, is what reality is actually made of.
Connection
Spinoza univocal being and immanent expression Gilles Deleuze — Deleuze's Expressionism in Philosophy: Spinoza treated Spinoza's single, univocal substance as a model for thinking about reality without transcendent hierarchy, an idea that runs through all of Deleuze's later concepts of immanence.
Ideas
Words
“I have made a ceaseless effort not to ridicule, not to bewail, not to scorn human actions, but to understand them.”
“A concept is a brick. It can be used to build a courthouse of reason. Or it can be thrown through the window.”
“A rhizome has no beginning or end; it is always in the middle, between things, interbeing, intermezzo.”
Key Moments
1632 CE
Born in Amsterdam
1656 CE
Excommunicated from the Jewish Community
c. 1660 CE
Grinding Lenses
1677 CE
Ethics Published Posthumously
1972
Publishes Anti-Oedipus with Guattari
1995
Dies by suicide after decades of illness
Works
Ethics
Difference and Repetition