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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Thales
Thales

c. 624 BCE – c. 546 BCE

Pre-SocraticMilesian

Born Miletus

The first philosopher. He looked at the world and asked what it was made of.

Portrait of Pythagoras
Pythagoras

c. 570 BCE – c. 495 BCE

Pre-SocraticPythagorean

Born Samos

Number is the language of the cosmos. He built a life around that belief.

Connection

Thales inspired Pythagoras — Thales may have encouraged the young Pythagoras to travel to Egypt. The Milesian tradition of natural inquiry set the stage for Pythagoras’ mathematical cosmology.

Shared Ideas

Reason

Ideas

NatureReason
ReasonHappiness

Words

“Water is the first principle of all things.”

— Thales

“Know thyself.”

— Thales

“Number is the ruler of forms and ideas, and the cause of gods and daemons.”

— Pythagoras

“There is geometry in the humming of the strings. There is music in the spacing of the spheres.”

— Pythagoras

Key Moments

c. 624 BCE

Born in Miletus

c. 624 BCE

Born in Miletus

c. 610 BCE

Travels Abroad

c. 600 BCE

Studies Geometry in Egypt

c. 570 BCE

Born on Samos

c. 570 BCE

Born in Samos

c. 535 BCE

Travels to Egypt and Babylon

c. 532 BCE

Leaving Samos

Works

On the Eclipse and Other Predictions

Fragments & Testimonies

The Life & Doctrines

The Golden Verses

Atlas of Thinkers

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE