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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius

121 CE – 180 CE

RomanStoic

Born Rome

Emperor of Rome. Philosopher on the battlefield. His private journal became the most famous Stoic text in history.

Portrait of Zeno of Citium
Zeno of Citium

c. 334 BCE – c. 262 BCE

HellenisticStoic

Born Citium

He lost everything in a shipwreck and found philosophy. Then he built Stoicism.

Connection

Zeno of Citium founder of tradition Marcus Aurelius — Marcus Aurelius studied Stoicism from youth and tried to live by its precepts while ruling an empire.

Shared Ideas

NatureStoic Ethics

Ideas

Stoic EthicsDutyNatureOn Anger
VirtueLogosReasonNatureStoic EthicsNatural Law

Words

“The happiness of your life depends upon the quality of your thoughts.”

— Marcus Aurelius

“Waste no more time arguing about what a good man should be. Be one.”

— Marcus Aurelius

“We have two ears and one mouth, so we should listen more than we say.”

— Zeno of Citium

Key Moments

121 CE

Born in Rome

161 CE

Becomes Emperor

c. 170 CE

Writing the Meditations

180 CE

Death at the Frontier

c. 334 BCE

Born in Citium

c. 312 BCE

Shipwreck and Discovery

c. 300 BCE

Teaching at the Painted Porch

c. 300 BCE

Virtue as the Only Good

Works

Meditations

Fragments & Doctrines

Republic

Atlas of Thinkers

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE