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Two thinkers, side by side

Life

Portrait of Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Fyodor Dostoyevsky

1821 CE – 1881 CE

ExistentialistModernRussian

Born Moscow

He stood before a firing squad, survived, and came back to write the books that asked whether God exists, whether murder can be justified, and whether suffering has meaning.

Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche

1844 CE – 1900 CE

ExistentialistModernGerman

He announced that God was dead and no one had yet understood what that meant. He was right on both counts.

Connection

Fyodor Dostoyevsky psychological depth and nihilism Friedrich Nietzsche — Nietzsche called Dostoyevsky the only psychologist from whom he had learned anything: 'the greatest psychologist of all time.' Notes from Underground's underground man, who asserts his freedom by refusing all rational calculation, prefigures Nietzsche's critique of utilitarian morality.

Ideas

The Four Noble TruthsFaith & Reason
Inner FreedomVirtue

Words

“Pain and suffering are always inevitable for a large intelligence and a deep heart.”

— Fyodor Dostoyevsky

“The degree of civilization in a society can be judged by entering its prisons.”

— Fyodor Dostoyevsky

“God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him.”

— Friedrich Nietzsche

“What does not kill me makes me stronger.”

— Friedrich Nietzsche

Key Moments

1849

Arrest and mock execution

1850-54

Four years in Siberian labor camp

1880

The Brothers Karamazov published

1883-85

Thus Spoke Zarathustra

3 January 1889

Collapse in Turin

Works

Crime and Punishment

The Brothers Karamazov

Thus Spoke Zarathustra

Beyond Good and Evil

Atlas of Thinkers

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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624-262 BCE